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[Sodium and diseases in the aged].

F Pentimone1, L del Corso Daniela Moruzzo, A M Romanelli

  • 1Istituto di Clinica Medica II, Università degli Studi di Pisa.

La Clinica Terapeutica
|September 15, 1991
PubMed
Summary

In elderly patients, hyponatremia (low serum sodium) is common upon hospitalization, often linked to medical interventions. Prompt correction of electrolyte imbalances can resolve neurological and psychiatric symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine

Context:

  • Elderly patients admitted to the hospital frequently exhibit abnormal serum sodium levels.
  • Understanding the factors contributing to these imbalances is crucial for effective patient management.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the prevalence of serum sodium abnormalities in elderly patients at hospitalization.
  • To evaluate the roles of medications, diseases, nutrition, and fluid balance in these conditions.

Summary:

  • Out of 167 elderly patients (average age 75.29), 20.36% were hyponatremic, and 0.60% were hypernatremic; 79.04% had normal sodium levels.
  • Asymptomatic hyponatremia was observed in patients with serum sodium levels above 129 mEq/l.
  • Severe hyponatremia (<= 127 mEq/l) in seven patients led to psychiatric and neurological symptoms that resolved with electrolyte correction.

Impact:

  • Highlights the significant prevalence of hyponatremia in hospitalized elderly individuals.
  • Suggests that iatrogenic factors play a key role in the complex pathogenesis of hyponatremia in this demographic.
  • Emphasizes the importance of monitoring and correcting electrolyte disorders to prevent severe clinical manifestations.

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