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Published on: September 18, 2013

Double invasive fungal infection and typhlitis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Zekai Avci1, Bulent Alioglu, Deniz Anuk

  • 1Department of Pediatric Hematology, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. zekaiavci@yahoo.com

Pediatric Hematology and Oncology
|March 26, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Dual invasive fungal infections, including pulmonary aspergillosis and candidiasis, are rare in immunocompromised patients. This case highlights the critical risks in adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing chemotherapy.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) pose significant risks for immunocompromised individuals, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy.
  • Concurrent IFIs are uncommon but can lead to severe complications.

Observation:

  • Two adolescent patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) developed simultaneous invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and hepatosplenic candidiasis during chemotherapy.
  • These patients presented with complex, co-existing fungal infections.

Findings:

  • Treatment involved liposomal amphotericin B for the combined infections.
  • One patient experienced a fatal outcome due to massive pulmonary hemorrhage during neutropenia recovery.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the need for vigilant monitoring and prompt management of dual IFIs in pediatric leukemia patients.
  • Aggressive treatment strategies and supportive care are crucial for improving outcomes in this high-risk population.

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