Diffraction from tunable periodic structures: application for the determination of electro-optic coefficients

We discuss a method for measuring electro-optic coefficients by measuring diffraction from a tunable grating. The method involves measuring the changes in the diffraction pattern of a reflection grating, where applied electric fields of alternating direction induce changes in the index of refraction through the electro-optic effect. For certain geometries, these applied fields cause period-doubling effects that produce new peaks in the diffraction pattern. Numerically calculated diffraction patterns are presented for the assumptions of both homogeneous and inhomogeneous fields. Peak splitting, as a function of both the number of slits illuminated and the induced change in the index of refraction, is observed and discussed. Finally, the usefulness of our method for the measurement of electro-optic coefficients is discussed.