[Contact dissolution of gallstones].

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Minimally Invasive Surgery
• Pharmacological Research

Background:

• Acute cholecystitis often involves gallbladder stones, necessitating treatment.
• Laparoscopic cholecystostomy offers a minimally invasive approach for gallbladder access.
• Gallstone dissolution therapy aims to avoid surgical removal.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the efficacy of contact dissolution for gallbladder stones.
• To identify factors influencing successful gallstone dissolution.
• To evaluate the use of Oktalgin in laparoscopic cholecystostomy for gallstone dissolution.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of contact dissolution techniques in 27 patients.
• Patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystostomy for acute cholecystitis.
• Oktalgin, a Soviet litholytic preparation, was used as the primary solvent.

Main Results:

• Effective dissolution was impeded by stone size (>1.5 cm) and pigment admixture.
• The study demonstrated the principal possibility of dissolving multiple gallbladder stones.
• Successful dissolution was achieved in select cases using Oktalgin.

Conclusions:

• Contact dissolution is a viable option for gallbladder stones in acute cholecystitis.
• Stone characteristics (size, composition) are critical for dissolution success.
• Laparoscopic cholecystostomy facilitates gallstone dissolution therapy.