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AMID: new insights on its intracellular localization and expression at apoptosis

Rostyslav Bilyy1, Yuriy Kit, Ulf Hellman

  • 1Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street 14/16, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine.

Apoptosis : an International Journal on Programmed Cell Death
|March 28, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Apoptosis-inducing factor-like mitochondrion-associated inducer of death (AMID) protein is found on the plasma membrane of apoptotic leukemia cells. Its expression increases during apoptosis induction in human leukemia cells.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The protein AMID (apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-like mitochondrion-associated inducer of death) is a poorly characterized member of the AIF family.
  • Its cellular localization, role in apoptosis, and subcellular association remain unclear, despite its name suggesting mitochondrial involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the cellular localization and expression patterns of AMID during apoptosis.
  • To investigate the potential post-translational modifications and membrane association of AMID.

Main Methods:

  • MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was employed to identify proteins from plasma membrane fractions of apoptotic L1210 cells.
  • Pisum sativum lectin-affinity chromatography was used for protein isolation.
  • Monoclonal antibodies against AMID were utilized for expression analysis in Jurkat T-cells, alongside immunocytochemistry.

Main Results:

  • AMID protein was identified in the plasma membrane fraction of apoptotic murine leukemia L1210 cells, but not in intact cells.
  • Bioinformatic analysis predicted N-glycosylation and transmembrane localization for the N-terminal part of AMID.
  • Increased AMID expression was observed in human leukemia Jurkat T-cells following apoptosis induction, with immunocytochemistry suggesting plasma membrane association.

Conclusions:

  • AMID is localized to the plasma membrane during apoptosis.
  • Its expression is upregulated upon apoptosis induction.
  • The findings suggest AMID is a plasma membrane-associated protein involved in the apoptotic process.

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