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Related Concept Videos

Rabies01:28

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...
Toxoplasmosis01:28

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
Reservoir of Infection01:30

Reservoir of Infection

Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
Threats to Biodiversity01:50

Threats to Biodiversity

There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...

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A Trap-Vaccinate-Release Protocol for Immunization of Skunks and Additional Rabies Vectors Against Rabies
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A Trap-Vaccinate-Release Protocol for Immunization of Skunks and Additional Rabies Vectors Against Rabies

Published on: November 29, 2024

[Rabies, a neglected threat].

Maria Paulke-Korinek1, Herwig Kollaritsch

  • 1Institut für Spezifische Prophylaxe und Tropenmedizin, Zentrum für Physiologie, Pathophysiologie und Immunologie, Universität Wien, Osterreich, Austria. maria.paulke-korinek@meduniwien.ac.at

Medizinische Monatsschrift Fur Pharmazeuten
|March 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rabies is a deadly viral infection often overlooked, especially in travelers. Vaccination and prompt post-exposure treatment are crucial for preventing this near-always fatal disease.

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Field Postmortem Rabies Rapid Immunochromatographic Diagnostic Test for Resource-Limited Settings with Further Molecular Applications

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Context:

  • Rabies causes approximately 55,000 deaths annually, with significant underestimation of risks among travelers and in endemic regions.
  • Awareness of rabies' near-certain lethality is low, necessitating targeted public health interventions.
  • Prophylactic vaccination and post-exposure prophylaxis are key strategies for rabies prevention.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the global burden of rabies and the critical need for increased awareness and preventative measures.
  • To inform about the indications for rabies vaccination and post-exposure treatment.
  • To emphasize the importance of using modern, cell-culture-derived rabies vaccines due to safety concerns with older formulations.

Summary:

  • Rabies is a fatal viral zoonosis responsible for tens of thousands of deaths yearly, disproportionately affecting travelers and those in endemic areas.
  • Vaccination is recommended for individuals traveling to rabies-endemic regions, those with potential exposure to infected tissues, and veterinarians.
  • Post-exposure treatment following potential rabies exposure is vital, and only newer, cell-culture-based vaccines should be used due to the severe risks associated with older vaccine types.

Impact:

  • Enhancing traveler and public awareness regarding rabies transmission and prevention is essential.
  • Promoting the uptake of pre-exposure vaccination and timely post-exposure prophylaxis can significantly reduce rabies-related mortality.
  • Ensuring the use of safe and effective cell-culture vaccines is critical for patient safety and disease control.