Temporal control of gene silencing by in ovo electroporation

The analysis of gene function during embryonic development asks for tight temporal control of gene expression. Classic genetic tools do not allow for this, as the absence of a gene during the early stages of development will preclude its functional analysis during later stages. In contrast, RNAi technology allows one to achieve temporal control of gene silencing especially when used with oviparous animal models. In contrast to mammals, reptiles and birds are easily accessible during embryonic development. We have developed approaches to use RNAi for the analysis of gene function during nervous system development in the chicken embryo. Although the protocol given here describes a method for gene silencing in the developing spinal cord, it can easily be adapted to other parts of the developing nervous system. The combination of the easy accessibility of the chicken embryo and RNAi provides a unique opportunity for temporal and spatial control of gene silencing during development.