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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...

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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
09:42

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

DNA methylation reprogramming in the germ line.

Diane J Lees-Murdock1, Colum P Walsh

  • 1Stem Cells and Epigenetics Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Molecular Bioscience, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK. dj.lees@ulster.ac.uk

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|April 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA methylation reprogramming in the mouse germline resets epigenetic information, crucial for genomic stability and gene regulation. This process ensures proper development and maintains the inactive state of repetitive elements.

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

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Published on: September 7, 2017

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Application of RNAi and Heat-shock-induced Transcription Factor Expression to Reprogram Germ Cells to Neurons in C. elegans
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Published on: January 1, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • DNA methylation in mammals primarily targets CpG dinucleotides, influencing gene transcription.
  • Methylation reprogramming in primordial germ cells is vital for imprinted gene expression, retrotransposon silencing, and X-chromosome inactivation.
  • DNA methylation also plays a role in suppressing recombination, highlighting its importance for genomic stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding DNA methylation reprogramming in various sequence classes.
  • To examine the temporal dynamics of DNA methylation reprogramming within the mouse germline.
  • To explore potential links between the methylation of repetitive elements and epigenetically controlled single-copy genes.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on the mouse germline as a model system for studying DNA methylation reprogramming.
  • Analysis of the temporal sequence of methylation events from germ cell specification to gamete fusion.
  • Review of existing evidence connecting repeat methylation and single-copy gene methylation.

Main Results:

  • Detailed review of the time course and extent of DNA methylation reprogramming across diverse sequence classes.
  • Evidence suggests a correlation between repeat methylation patterns and the methylation of single-copy genes.
  • The mouse germline serves as a key model for understanding these complex epigenetic modifications.

Conclusions:

  • DNA methylation reprogramming is a dynamic process essential for establishing and maintaining epigenetic patterns in the germline.
  • Understanding these reprogramming events is critical for ensuring genomic stability and proper gene regulation.
  • Further research in the mouse model can elucidate the interplay between different types of DNA methylation.