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Sex-based differences in vascular repair with bone marrow cell therapy: relevance of regulatory and Th2-type

A G Zenovich1, A Panoskaltsis-Mortari, G J Caron

  • 1Center for Cardiovascular Repair, Section of Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Transplantation Proceedings
|April 1, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Female bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) protected male mice from atherosclerosis. However, BM-MNCs did not reduce plaque in female mice, suggesting sex-based differences in cell therapy for coronary artery disease (CAD).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Immunology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) exhibits sex-based differences in symptoms and treatment efficacy.
  • Clinical outcomes of cell therapy for CAD are variable.
  • The impact of sex on cell therapy response in CAD remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex-specific differences in the efficacy of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) for treating atherosclerosis.
  • To explore the role of sex in response to cell therapy in a mouse model of atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-/-) mice of both sexes received intravenous injections of male or female BM-MNCs or vehicle.
  • Aortic plaque burden was quantified.
  • Bone marrow progenitor cell profiles and circulating cytokine levels were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Female BM-MNCs demonstrated atheroprotective effects in male ApoE-/- mice.
  • No significant reduction in plaque lesions was observed in female ApoE-/- mice treated with BM-MNCs from either sex.
  • Increased levels of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) correlated with reduced plaque burden.

Conclusions:

  • Sex-based differences exist in the atheroprotective response to BM-MNC therapy.
  • Female BM-MNCs may hold potential for treating atherosclerosis in males.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying sex differences in vascular repair and cell therapy for CAD.
Abstract

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