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Rab Cascades

Rab Cascades

Rab GTPases act in a regulated cascade during membrane fusion, helping the lipid bilayers mix. The Rab family of proteins are active when bound to GTP, and inactive when bound to GDP. Hence, they act as guanine nucleotide-dependent molecular switches. Rab-GTP recognizes and binds to long or short-range tethering proteins to capture the target vesicle. These tethers coordinate with SNAREs on the vesicle and the target membrane to assemble the trans SNARE complex that locks the mixing bilayers.

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
The transport of soluble and membrane proteins is mediated by transport vesicles that collect cargo from one cellular compartment and deliver it to another by fusing with the target organelle membrane. The Rab...

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
The transport of soluble and membrane proteins is mediated by transport vesicles that collect cargo from one cellular compartment and deliver it to another by fusing with the target organelle membrane. The Rab...

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...

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Related Experiment Video

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Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

Rab-regulated membrane traffic between adiposomes and multiple endomembrane systems.

Pingsheng Liu¹, René Bartz, John K Zehmer

¹Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Methods in Enzymology

|April 1, 2008

Summary

Lipid droplets, now called adiposomes, are key organelles in metabolic diseases. Researchers developed a cell-free system to study adiposome-endosome interactions, revealing their dependence on Rab GTPases.

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Metabolic Biochemistry
Organelle Biology

Background:

Lipid droplets are crucial organelles involved in metabolic diseases.
Proteomic studies reveal their complex protein composition and diverse functions beyond lipid storage, including membrane traffic and signal transduction.
These functions led to the proposed renaming of lipid droplets to adiposomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a cell-free system for studying adiposome-mediated traffic.
To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying adiposome-endosome interactions.
To identify proteins involved in adiposome trafficking.

Main Methods:

Purification of lipid-filled adiposomes.
Development of a cell-free system to study adiposome-mediated traffic.
Analysis of adiposome-endosome interactions using biochemical assays.

Main Results:

Adiposome-endosome interaction is dependent on Rab GTPases.
The interaction is inhibited by ATPase.
Multiple proteins dynamically associate with adiposomes in a nucleotide-dependent manner.
Adiposome-endosome interaction occurs in vitro without cytosolic factors.

Conclusions:

The cell-free system simplifies the study of organelle interactions.
This system enables detailed dissection of the molecular mechanisms governing adiposome-endosome trafficking.
Understanding adiposome trafficking is critical for metabolic health and disease research.