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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
The...
¹H NMR Signal Integration: Overview00:58

¹H NMR Signal Integration: Overview

The intensity of a signal, which can be represented by the area under the peak, depends on the number of protons contributing to that signal. The area under each peak is shown as a vertical line called an integral, with the integral value listed under it, as seen in the proton NMR spectrum of benzyl acetate. Each integral value is divided by the smallest integral value to obtain the ratio of the number of protons producing each signal. The ratio reveals the relative number of protons and not...
NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds01:14

NMR Spectroscopy of Aromatic Compounds

Aromatic compounds can be identified or analyzed using proton NMR and carbon‐13 NMR. Typically, aromatic hydrogens or hydrogens directly bonded to the aromatic rings are strongly deshielded by the aromatic ring current. Therefore, they absorb in the range of 6.5–8.0 ppm in proton NMR spectra. For instance, aromatic hydrogens directly bonded to the benzene ring absorb at 7.3 ppm. However, aromatic hydrogens of larger rings absorb farther upfield or downfield than the ideal range. Consider...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

15N CPMG Relaxation Dispersion for the Investigation of Protein Conformational Dynamics on the &#181;s-ms Timescale
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15N CPMG Relaxation Dispersion for the Investigation of Protein Conformational Dynamics on the µs-ms Timescale

Published on: April 19, 2021

OPENCORE NMR: open-source core modules for implementing an integrated FPGA-based NMR spectrometer.

Kazuyuki Takeda1

  • 1Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. takezo@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp <takezo@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp>

Journal of Magnetic Resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)
|April 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The OPENCORE NMR spectrometer toolkit is now publicly available, enabling researchers to build and customize their own nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) systems. This open-source hardware and software lowers the barrier for developing novel NMR experiments.

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Simultaneous Data Collection of fMRI and fNIRS Measurements Using a Whole-Head Optode Array and Short-Distance Channels

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
  • Digital Signal Processing
  • Embedded Systems Engineering

Background:

  • Sophisticated commercial NMR spectrometers can be prohibitively expensive and inflexible for certain research needs.
  • Developing custom NMR hardware often requires significant expertise and resources, limiting accessibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an open-source toolkit for building a functional FPGA-based NMR spectrometer.
  • To empower researchers to reproduce, modify, and innovate NMR hardware for specific experimental requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an integrated FPGA-based system comprising digital modules for pulse programming, DDS, demodulation, filtering, and PC interfacing.
  • Implementation of core modules in VHDL with publicly available source code.
  • Integration of FPGA with peripheral boards for communication, RF transmission, and signal acquisition.

Main Results:

  • Successful implementation and public release of the OPENCORE NMR spectrometer toolkit.
  • Availability of VHDL source code for all FPGA digital modules.
  • Demonstration of a reproducible and modifiable FPGA-based NMR spectrometer design.

Conclusions:

  • The OPENCORE NMR spectrometer toolkit significantly lowers the barrier to entry for constructing custom NMR hardware.
  • This open-source approach facilitates the development of novel NMR experiments and complements existing commercial systems.