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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Development of a Novel Internal Fixation Model for Rat Radial Fractures: Fracture Healing Assessment and Dorsal Root Ganglion Isolation
11:21

Development of a Novel Internal Fixation Model for Rat Radial Fractures: Fracture Healing Assessment and Dorsal Root Ganglion Isolation

Published on: March 13, 2026

Distal humerus fractures.

J Whitcomb Pollock1, Kenneth J Faber, George S Athwal

  • 1Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph's Health Care, University of Western Ontario, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, Ontario, Canada.

The Orthopedic Clinics of North America
|April 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Managing intra-articular distal humerus fractures is complex. Enhanced surgical techniques and implants improve outcomes, emphasizing planning, exposure, and stable fixation for early motion.

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Development of a Novel Internal Fixation Model for Rat Radial Fractures: Fracture Healing Assessment and Dorsal Root Ganglion Isolation
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Traumatology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Intra-articular distal humerus fractures present significant management challenges.
  • Nonoperative treatment can result in poor functional outcomes and limited range of motion.
  • Recent advancements in surgical techniques and implant technology have improved fracture management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding and management strategies for intra-articular distal humerus fractures.
  • To highlight the importance of operative intervention for achieving optimal functional results.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on distal humerus fracture management.
  • Analysis of advancements in surgical techniques and implant designs.
  • Emphasis on principles of preoperative planning, surgical exposure, and fixation stability.

Main Results:

  • Enhanced operative techniques and implant designs have led to improved reduction and stability.
  • Stable internal fixation facilitates early mobilization, crucial for successful outcomes.
  • Surgical management offers better functional outcomes compared to nonoperative approaches for many patients.

Conclusions:

  • Successful management of intra-articular distal humerus fractures relies on meticulous preoperative planning.
  • Adequate surgical exposure and stable internal fixation are paramount for achieving excellent functional recovery.
  • Early mobilization, enabled by stable fixation, is essential for optimizing outcomes in these challenging fractures.