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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues
08:47

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Published on: May 8, 2016

Mast cell transcripts are increased within and outside multiple sclerosis lesions.

Nicolas Couturier1, Jacques P Zappulla, Valérie Lauwers-Cances

  • 1Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U563, Purpan Hospital, Place Dr Baylac, Toulouse 3100, France.

Journal of Neuroimmunology
|April 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Mast cells (MCs) accumulate in the brain of some multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, correlating with specific chemoattractants but not disease activity. This suggests MCs may play a role in MS pathophysiology for certain individuals.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice and Evaluation of the Disease-dependent Distribution of Immune Cells in Various Tissues
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Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice
09:07

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice

Published on: May 27, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

Background:

  • Mast cells (MCs) are implicated in neuroinflammation.
  • Previous histological studies suggest increased MCs in multiple sclerosis (MS) brains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between mast cell accumulation and disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To quantify mast cell markers in post-mortem brain white matter from MS patients and controls.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure MC-specific markers (FcepsilonRI, tryptase, chymase) in white matter samples.
  • Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of MCs.
  • Correlation analysis was performed between MC markers and chemoattractants (CCL5, stem cell factor) and lesion inflammation.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase in MC-specific markers was observed in MS samples compared to controls.
  • MC marker levels positively correlated with CCL5 and stem cell factor.
  • The inflammatory stage of MS lesions showed only a modest influence on MC accumulation.

Conclusions:

  • Mast cell accumulation in the MS brain is largely patient-specific.
  • These findings suggest a potential role for mast cells in the pathophysiology of MS in a subset of patients.