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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
Published on: October 27, 2020
Dynamic control of TGF-beta signaling and its links to the cytoskeleton
Aristidis Moustakas1, Carl-Henrik Heldin
1Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 595, Biomedical Center, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden. aris.moustakas@licr.uu.se
Abstract:
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) regulates cellular behavior in embryonic and adult tissues. TGF-beta binding to serine/threonine kinase receptors on the plasma membrane activates Smad molecules and additional signaling proteins that coordinately regulate gene expression or cytoplasmic processes such as cytoskeletal dynamics. In turn, the activity and duration of the Smad pathway seems to be regulated by cytoskeletal components, which facilitate the shuttling process that segregates Smad proteins in the cytoplasm and nucleus. We discuss mechanisms and models that aim at explaining the coordination between several components of the signaling network downstream of the TGF-beta signal.
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