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Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

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A time-of-flight-Mott apparatus for soft x-ray spin resolved photoemission on solid samples.

L Moreschini¹, G Ghiringhelli, K Larsson

¹European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, BP 220, F38043 Grenoble Cedex, France.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|April 2, 2008

Summary

A new spectrometer enhances spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in soft x-rays. This time-of-flight (TOF) system offers an efficient alternative for wide energy scans, improving intensity for solid-state research.

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Area of Science:

Solid-state physics
Surface science
Spectroscopy

Background:

Spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is crucial for understanding electron behavior in solids.
Existing detection systems may have limitations in acquiring wide energy ranges efficiently.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and characterize a novel spectrometer for soft x-ray spin-resolved photoemission.
To evaluate its performance as an alternative to existing systems.

Main Methods:

Development and implementation of a time-of-flight (TOF) energy analyzer coupled with a retarding mini-Mott spin polarimeter.
Testing the spectrometer on gold (Au) 4f levels and copper oxide (CuO) at the Cu L3 threshold.

Main Results:

The new spectrometer achieves an effective Sherman function (Seff) of approximately 0.16 and a figure of merit (eta) of approximately 1.3x10(-4).
Demonstrates a significant gain in intensity for specific experimental conditions compared to the previous system.
Shows high efficiency for acquiring wide energy regions due to the TOF technique.

Conclusions:

The developed spectrometer is a viable and efficient alternative for soft x-ray spin-resolved photoemission.
It offers advantages in intensity and speed for certain experimental setups, particularly for wide energy range acquisitions.
This advancement facilitates deeper investigations into the electronic and magnetic properties of solids.