Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 6, 2026
06:48
CD Spectroscopy to Study DNA-Protein Interactions
Published on: February 10, 2022
Ankyrin repeats-containing cofactors interact with ADA3 and modulate its co-activator function
Chia-Wei Li1, Gia Khanh Dinh, Aihua Zhang
1Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
The Biochemical Journal
|April 2, 2008
Summary
Ankyrin repeats-containing cofactor (ANCO)-1 and ANCO-2 proteins interact with the co-activator ADA3, modulating transcriptional regulation. These ANCO proteins repress ADA3-mediated co-activation but ANCO-1 stimulates p53 transactivation.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Gene Regulation
- Epigenetics
Background:
- Ankyrin repeats-containing cofactor (ANCO)-1 and ANCO-2 are transcriptional co-regulators with dual functions, interacting with both co-activators and co-repressors.
- ANCO-1 is known to recruit histone deacetylases (HDACs) to repress nuclear receptor transcriptional activation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction between ANCO-1/ANCO-2 and the co-activator ADA3 (alteration/deficiency in activation 3).
- To elucidate the role of ANCO proteins in modulating ADA3-mediated transcriptional co-activation and other transcription factor activities.
Main Methods:
- Co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization studies to confirm protein interactions.
- Transient reporter assays to assess the functional impact of ANCO-1/ANCO-2 on transcriptional activity.
Main Results:
- ANCO-1 and ANCO-2 were found to interact with the co-activator ADA3 via specific domains.
- ANCO-1 demonstrated co-localization with subunits of the P/CAF complex, including ADA3, in vivo.
- Both ANCO-1 and ANCO-2 repressed ADA3-mediated co-activation of nuclear receptors, while ANCO-1 enhanced p53-mediated transactivation.
Conclusions:
- ADA3 is identified as a novel target of ANCO proteins.
- ANCO proteins modulate co-activator function in a transcription-factor-specific manner, highlighting their complex role in gene regulation.
Related Concept Videos
02:04Co-activators and Co-repressors
Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
02:04Co-activators and Co-repressors
Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
00:50Anaphase Promoting Complex
The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
01:19Allosteric Proteins-ATCase
Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function. For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis pathway,...
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis pathway,...
01:58Cooperative Allosteric Transitions
Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
01:58Cooperative Allosteric Transitions
Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...