Evidence for Ca(2+)-mediated F-actin/phospholipid binding of human sperm calpactin II

We have previously reported the presence in human spermatozoa of calpactin II, a calcium-binding component of the membrane skeleton (Berruti, Exper. Cell Res. 179, 374, 1988). Reported here are studies which show the ability of sperm calpactin II to interact with filamentous actin and acidic phospholipids in a Ca(2+)-dependent fashion. At high Ca2+ concentrations (greater than 1 mM) sperm calpactin II binds to actin filament and it is resolubilized by EGTA. Liposome binding experiments reveal that sperm calpactin II does associate with phospholipidic vesicles at micromolar free Ca2+ levels. These interaction properties together with the cellular distribution of the protein revealed by immunofluorescence analysis in Ca2+ and ionophore A23187-treated human spermatozoa allow to hypothesize a physiological role for calpactin II in sperm Ca(2+)-mediated events.