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Inflammatory markers in AD and MCI patients with different biomarker profiles
Alie Schuitemaker1, Miranda G Dik, Robert Veerhuis
1Department of Neurology/Alzheimer Center, VU University Medical Center, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. a.schuitemaker@vumc.nl
Objective:
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the involvement of the inflammatory proteins IL-6, ACT and CRP early in the pathology process of AD in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD.
Methods:
IL-6, ACT, CRP, Abeta42, phospho-tau (p-tau) and total tau concentrations in serum and CSF of 145 patients with probable AD and 67 patients with MCI were measured by sandwich ELISA. MCI patients were characterized as high- respectively low-risk MCI according to their Abeta42/tau risk profile.
Results:
CSF and serum CRP levels were significantly higher in MCI compared to AD patients after adjustment for age, ApoE epsilon4 genotype and cardiovascular diseases (p<0.01). This difference remained present in patients with a low-risk biomarker profile for AD after adjustment for abovementioned covariates. CSF IL-6 levels were also significantly higher in MCI patients with a low-risk CSF profile.
Conclusions:
These findings suggest that inflammatory processes might be involved in early stages of AD, even before Abeta and tau changes are present in CSF of MCI patients.
