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[Current problems of echinococcosis (Echinococcus multilocularis)].

P Kimmig1, U Schelling

  • 1Landesgesundheitsamt Baden-Württemberg.

Das Offentliche Gesundheitswesen
|August 1, 1991
PubMed
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Alveolar echinococcosis, a dangerous liver parasite in Central Europe, is transmitted from foxes to humans. Early detection and surgery are key, though chemotherapy remains challenging.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary parasitology
  • Human infectious diseases
  • Zoonotic diseases

Context:

  • Alveolar echinococcosis is a severe parasitic liver disease endemic in Central Europe.
  • The parasite, Echinococcus multilocularis, cycles between foxes (definitive host) and rodents (intermediate host).
  • Humans become infected orally through contaminated sources, acting as accidental hosts.

Purpose:

  • To review the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of alveolar echinococcosis.
  • To highlight diagnostic challenges and current therapeutic limitations.
  • To explore potential control strategies, including fox population treatment.

Summary:

  • Echinococcus multilocularis infection poses a significant health risk in Central Europe, primarily affecting the liver.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Fox infection rates are high in certain regions, with human prevalence estimated between 0.1-0.5 per thousand.
  • Diagnosis relies on serological tests (IHA, IIFT, ELISA) using specific antigens and imaging (ultrasound, CT).
  • Radical surgery is the preferred treatment for early-stage disease, while chemotherapy with mebendazole shows limited efficacy.
  • Preventive measures, such as treating foxes with praziquantel, are being considered to reduce human transmission.

    • Impact:

    • Informs clinicians and public health officials about the risks and management of alveolar echinococcosis.
    • Highlights the need for improved diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic interventions.
    • Suggests potential public health interventions to control parasite transmission in wildlife populations.