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Related Experiment Videos

Structure and function of hepatocyte growth factor.

T Nakamura1

  • 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Progress in Growth Factor Research
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Proteolytic activation of a single-chain precursor of hepatocyte growth factor by extracellular serine-protease.

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Growth stimulation of rat fetal hepatocytes in response to hepatocyte growth factor: modulation of c-myc and c-fos expression.

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Rapid and marked induction of hepatocyte growth factor during liver regeneration after ischemic or crush injury.

Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)·1992

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a key factor in liver regeneration and tissue repair. This pleiotropic factor influences cell growth and motility, playing a vital role in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Cell biology
  • Regenerative medicine

Background:

  • Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a potent mitogen for hepatocytes, identified in rats undergoing partial hepatectomy.
  • HGF is a heterodimer (69 kDa alpha-subunit and 34 kDa beta-subunit) derived from a 728 amino acid precursor, featuring 4 kringle domains.
  • The HGF gene comprises 18 exons and 17 introns, spanning approximately 70kb.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structure, gene organization, and functional significance of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF).
  • To investigate the role of HGF in liver regeneration and its broader implications in tissue repair and carcinogenesis.
  • To understand the distribution and induction of HGF and its receptor in various tissues following injury.

Main Methods:

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  • Molecular cloning and gene sequencing to determine HGF structure and organization.
  • Analysis of HGF mRNA expression and activity in response to liver and kidney injury.
  • In situ hybridization to identify HGF-producing cells in different organs.

    • Main Results:

    • HGF is a pleiotropic factor affecting epithelial cell growth and motility, with a high-affinity receptor widely distributed in epithelial cells.
    • HGF mRNA and activity significantly increase in the liver post-injury and in the kidney after unilateral nephrectomy or acute injury.
    • HGF mRNA is induced in the lung in response to liver and kidney damage, with production by mesenchymal cells like Kupffer cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells, macrophages, and lung endothelial cells.

    Conclusions:

    • HGF is crucial for liver regeneration and acts as a paracrine or endocrine mediator.
    • Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions involving HGF are vital for wound healing, tissue regeneration, morphogenesis, and carcinogenesis.
    • HGF's widespread distribution and induction in response to injury highlight its critical role in organ repair and development.