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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

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Related Experiment Videos

Takayasu arteritis in children.

Nilgun Cakar1, Fatos Yalcinkaya, Ali Duzova

  • 1From the Department of Nephrology, Ministry of Health Diskapi Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. nilguncakar@hotmail.com

The Journal of Rheumatology
|April 3, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study on pediatric Takayasu arteritis (TA) in Turkey found hypertension is a common initial symptom. Treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants effectively controlled disease activity in children.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Vascular Inflammation
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare, chronic inflammatory disease affecting large arteries, primarily the aorta and its branches.
  • Pediatric TA presents unique challenges in diagnosis and management due to its rarity and potential for severe complications.
  • Understanding the clinical spectrum and outcomes in specific geographic regions is crucial for improving patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively evaluate the clinical features, angiographic findings, and treatment outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis in Turkey.
  • To identify common presenting symptoms and diagnostic findings in this cohort.
  • To assess the effectiveness of current therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 19 children diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis based on American College of Rheumatology criteria.
  • Analysis of clinical data, laboratory results, angiographic findings, and treatment outcomes.
  • Mean follow-up period of 35.89 months.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension (89%) and absent pulses (58%) were the most common findings on admission. Headache (84%) and abdominal pain (37%) were frequent complaints.
  • Angiography revealed involvement of the aortic arch, descending thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta (Type I and II) as most common patterns. Renal, subclavian, and carotid arteries were frequently affected.
  • Corticosteroids and immunosuppressants were administered to all patients; 15 received additional immunosuppressive therapy. Surgical or interventional procedures were performed for renal artery stenosis and abdominal aortic stenosis.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension is a predominant clinical feature at presentation in pediatric Takayasu arteritis.
  • Combined corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy demonstrated efficacy in controlling disease activity.
  • Interventional procedures like angioplasty and bypass grafting are valuable treatment options for managing vascular complications.