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Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Abdominal Regions and Quadrants01:19

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians typically use imaginary lines to categorize the abdominopelvic cavity into either four quadrants or nine regions to identify organs in the cavity.
The simpler quadrants approach, which is more commonly used in medicine, subdivides the cavity with one horizontal and one vertical line that intersects at the patient's umbilicus (navel). The four quadrants...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Ascites01:19

Ascites

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Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
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Appendicitis

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

A Case Series of Successful Abdominal Closure Utilizing a Novel Technique Combining a Mechanical Closure System with a Biologic Xenograft that Accelerates Wound Healing
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A Case Series of Successful Abdominal Closure Utilizing a Novel Technique Combining a Mechanical Closure System with a Biologic Xenograft that Accelerates Wound Healing

Published on: July 4, 2019

Abdominal compartment syndrome.

Linda Maerz1, Lewis J Kaplan

  • 1Department of Surgery, Section of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Surgical Emergencies, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Critical Care Medicine
|April 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Abdominal compartment syndrome, often secondary to sepsis management, significantly contributes to acute kidney injury and acute renal failure in critically ill patients. Understanding intra-abdominal pressure dynamics is key to preventing kidney damage.

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A Novel Non-invasive Method for the Detection of Elevated Intra-compartmental Pressures of the Leg
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A Novel Non-invasive Method for the Detection of Elevated Intra-compartmental Pressures of the Leg

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A Case Series of Successful Abdominal Closure Utilizing a Novel Technique Combining a Mechanical Closure System with a Biologic Xenograft that Accelerates Wound Healing
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A Novel Non-invasive Method for the Detection of Elevated Intra-compartmental Pressures of the Leg
04:34

A Novel Non-invasive Method for the Detection of Elevated Intra-compartmental Pressures of the Leg

Published on: May 31, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Surgical Critical Care

Background:

  • Acute renal failure (ARF) is common in intensive care units (ICUs), arising from trauma, surgery, or illness.
  • Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is an increasingly recognized condition linking surgical and medical management.
  • Early goal-directed therapy for sepsis may increase the incidence of secondary ACS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the pathophysiology of ACS and its role in acute kidney injury (AKI) and ARF.
  • To examine the impact of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) dynamics on renal function.
  • To discuss diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for mitigating AKI/ARF in ACS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathophysiology linking ACS to renal dysfunction.
  • Analysis of IAP dynamics, including preload limitation and afterload augmentation.
  • Discussion of current diagnostic modalities and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • ACS contributes to AKI/ARF through elevated IAP, reduced renal perfusion, and increased renal vascular resistance.
  • Sepsis management strategies can inadvertently increase ACS risk.
  • Early recognition and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • ACS is a significant, often preventable, cause of AKI/ARF in the ICU.
  • Management strategies should focus on monitoring IAP and timely decompression.
  • Further research into optimal ACS management is warranted to reduce renal morbidity.