Evaluation of lower extremity arterial circulation and implications for nursing practice
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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
Published on: December 11, 2013
Phyllis A Bonham1, Teresa Kelechi
1Wound Care Education Program, College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA. pbonham1@comcast.net <pbonham1@comcast.net>
Abstract:
Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) affects millions of Americans, causing impaired function and a high risk of nonhealing wounds, infection, and limb loss. This chronic, progressive condition is often silent until a life- or limb-threatening complication occurs and impacts the quality of life of individuals and their families and results in high healthcare costs. Assessment forms the cornerstone of effective nursing care, yet despite several national guidelines, LEAD remains unrecognized in half of persons with the condition. This article presents an overview of assessment of LEAD, including descriptions of the risks, pathogenesis, and common characteristics of arterial disease.
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Jugular Venous Pressure (JVP) Measurement
Position the patient at a thirty- to forty-five-degree angle or in a semi-fowler's position. Look for the highest point of pulsation in the internal jugular vein and measure the vertical distance to the angle of Loius or sternal angle. A normal JVP is 3-4 cm above the...
