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The Auditory Ossicles

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The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

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Surgical Treatment of an Endolymphatic Sac Tumor

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Bilateral osteomas arising from the internal auditory canal: case report.

Venelin M Gerganov¹, Amir Samii, Vincenzo Paterno

¹International Neuroscience Institute-Hannover, Hannover, Germany. vgerganov@gmail.com

|April 3, 2008

Summary

Bilateral osteomas in the cerebellopontine angle are rare. Surgical removal of these internal auditory canal tumors can effectively resolve symptoms like vertigo and tinnitus.

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Area of Science:

Neuro-oncology
Skull Base Surgery

Background:

Osteomas of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) originating from the internal auditory canal (IAC) are exceptionally rare.
This report details the first documented instance of bilateral CPA osteomas in this anatomical location.

Observation:

A 30-year-old female presented with severe left-sided vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.
Imaging revealed bilateral CPA osteomas arising from the IAC, with the left-sided tumor compressing the vestibulocochlear nerve.

Findings:

Surgical resection of the left CPA osteoma was performed via a retrosigmoid approach.
Post-operatively, the patient experienced complete resolution of vertigo and tinnitus, with a 20 dB improvement in hearing.

Implications:

Bilateral CPA osteomas should be included in the differential diagnosis for cerebellopontine angle masses.
Surgical intervention for symptomatic CPA osteomas can lead to significant symptom relief and improved auditory function.