Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 6, 2026

A Novel Rescue Technique for Difficult Intubation and Difficult Ventilation
Published on: January 17, 2011
Front-line epistaxis management: let's not forget the basics
Objective:
We postulated that epistaxis patients frequently have their nose packed in the accident and emergency department without any reasonable prior attempt at nasal assessment and nasal cautery.
Design:
Telephone survey of 104 accident and emergency departments.
Results:
A 100 per cent response rate was achieved. In all but one of the departments surveyed, first line management was carried out by accident and emergency doctors. Seventy-four per cent of accident and emergency doctors perform nasal cautery as first line management. Within accident and emergency departments, the availability and usage of head illumination, nasal speculums, topical anaesthesia and suction was grossly suboptimal. Only one-sixth of the accident and emergency doctors surveyed had received training in the management of epistaxis, whilst 81 per cent of accident and emergency departments would admit nasally packed patients under the ENT team.
Conclusion:
Despite the majority of accident and emergency doctors claiming to attempt nasal cautery before packing, this is unlikely to be effective if performed without the correct equipment. Better training and equipment need to be provided to accident and emergency doctors in order to optimise the management of epistaxis patients. This could potentially reduce inappropriate admissions.
Related Concept Videos
Epistaxis
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management