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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice
Published on: September 25, 2019
Peripheral virus-specific T-cell interleukin-10 responses develop early in acute hepatitis C infection and become
David E Kaplan1, Fusao Ikeda, Yun Li
1Research Section, Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Research A216, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. dakaplan@mail.med.upenn.edu
Background/Aims:
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been ascribed pro-viral but anti-fibrotic properties in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In this study, we examined the role of HCV-specific T-cell IL-10 response in patients with acute and chronic HCV infection.
Methods:
Peripheral HCV-specific T-cell IL-10 and IFNgamma responses were measured in cytokine Elispot assay using overlapping HCV-derived peptides in patients with chronic (n=61), resolved (n=15) and acute (n=8) hepatitis C, looking for their onset, quantity, breadth and durability relative to clinical and virological outcomes. The source and effect of HCV-specific IL-10 response were determined in depletion and IL-10 neutralization experiments.
Results:
Both HCV-specific IL-10 and IFNgamma responses were detected early within 1-2 months of acute clinical hepatitis C. However, only HCV-specific IL-10 response correlated with elevated liver enzymes, increased viremia and suppressed HCV-specific CD4(+) T-cell proliferation in acute infection. While these associations were lost in established chronic infection, HCV-specific IL-10 responses were increased in patients without cirrhosis while IL-10 blockade enhanced antiviral effector IFNgamma responses.
Conclusions:
HCV-specific IL-10 Tr1 responses may play a dual role in HCV infection, dampening effector T-cells to promote viral persistence in acute infection but also protecting against progressive fibrosis in chronic infection.
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