Simulated microgravity activates apoptosis and NF-kappaB in mice testis

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Biology
• Space Medicine
• Cellular Biology

Background:

• Microgravity impacts animal reproductive functions and cellular processes like apoptosis.
• Previous research indicates microgravity induces cellular changes, necessitating further investigation into specific molecular pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effects of simulated microgravity on caspase-8 and caspase-3 activities, key apoptotic pathway effectors.
• To analyze the impact on the transcription factor NF-kappaB, a critical signaling molecule, in mouse testes.
• To assess changes in testosterone levels and testis weight under simulated microgravity conditions.

Main Methods:

• Utilized the Morey-Holton hind limb suspension model to simulate microgravity in mice.
• Employed fluorometric assays to measure caspase-8 and caspase-3 activities.
• Used sandwich ELISA-based immunoassay for NF-kappaB detection and ELISA kits for testosterone level measurement.

Main Results:

• Simulated microgravity resulted in a 51% increase in caspase-8 and caspase-3 activities in mouse testes.
• Significantly elevated levels of the transcription factor NF-kappaB were observed.
• A significant decrease in both testis weight and testosterone levels was noted in the experimental group.

Conclusions:

• Simulated microgravity activates caspase-8, caspase-3, and NF-kappaB, initiating the apoptotic pathway in mouse testes.
• These molecular changes likely contribute to the observed reduction in testis weight and testosterone levels.
• The findings suggest that microgravity adversely affects testicular physiology and function, impacting male reproductive health.