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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Neuroimaging Field Methods Using Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Neuroimaging to Study Global Child Development: Rural Sub-Saharan Africa
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A developmental fMRI study of nonsymbolic numerical and spatial processing.

Liane Kaufmann1, Stephan E Vogel, Guilherme Wood

  • 1Innsbruck Medical University, Clinical Department of Pediatrics IV, Division of Neuropediatrics, Innsbruck, Austria. lianne.kaufmann@i-med.ac.at

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|April 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study used fMRI to explore number and spatial cognition overlap in children and adults. Findings suggest a link between finger use areas and nonsymbolic number processing, especially in developing brains.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Nonsymbolic numerical cognition and spatial processing share overlapping neural substrates.
  • The role of finger representation in numerical cognition development is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neurofunctional overlap between nonsymbolic numerical and spatial cognition in children and adults.
  • To explore the developmental association between finger representation and nonsymbolic number processing.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study 24 healthy participants (12 children, 12 adults).
  • Participants performed nonsymbolic numerical, spatial, and color discrimination tasks using identical stimuli.
  • Behavioral and neuroimaging data were analyzed to identify age-dependent differences in neural activation.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral distance effects were observed for numerical stimuli in both age groups.
  • Adults showed age-dependent, overlapping activations for numerical and spatial processing in the right posterior superior parietal lobe.
  • Children exhibited greater activation in the supramarginal gyrus and anterior intraparietal sulcus, areas linked to finger use.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence for an age-dependent neurofunctional link between finger representation and nonsymbolic number processing.
  • Fingers may play a crucial role in the development of number magnitude representations and early arithmetic skills.