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Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy ll: Types01:22

Epilepsy ll: Types

Recurrent seizures, stemming from abnormal electrical activity in the brain, are the defining characteristic of epilepsy, a chronic neurological condition. Because seizure features vary greatly, epilepsy is classified using two systems: by seizure type and by epilepsy syndromes. These classifications enable clinicians to describe seizure patterns and select suitable treatment strategies.I. Classification by Seizure Type1. Focal EpilepsyFocal epilepsy begins in one hemisphere of the brain.
Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Seizures l: Introduction01:20

Seizures l: Introduction

Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...
Seizures ll: Types01:19

Seizures ll: Types

Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...

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Electromagnetic Source Imaging in Presurgical Evaluation of Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
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The Early Childhood Epilepsy Severity Scale (E-Chess).

Ayla Humphrey1, George B Ploubidis, John R W Yates

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Developmental Psychiatry Section, University of Cambridge, Douglas House, Cambridge, UK. ah290@cam.ac.uk

Epilepsy Research
|April 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The Early Childhood Epilepsy Severity Scale (E-Chess) effectively measures epilepsy severity in young children with tuberous sclerosis. This validated tool aids in assessing treatment effectiveness and understanding developmental impacts.

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Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
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Published on: December 6, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Epileptology
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic disorder associated with a high incidence of epilepsy in infants and young children.
  • Accurate quantification of epilepsy severity is crucial for evaluating treatment efficacy and understanding developmental outcomes in this population.
  • Existing measures may not adequately capture the nuances of epilepsy severity in early childhood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Early Childhood Epilepsy Severity Scale (E-Chess) for quantifying epilepsy severity in infants and young children with TSC.
  • To establish E-Chess as a tool for assessing treatment response.
  • To facilitate research into the relationship between epilepsy severity and neurodevelopmental trajectories in early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the E-Chess scale based on six identified measures of epilepsy severity (seizure duration, frequency, types, status epilepticus, medication, treatment response).
  • Scoring of variables by three independent raters over consecutive 1-year periods in 20 infants (11-36 months) with TSC.
  • Application of factor analytic models to determine the scale's underlying structure and validity.

Main Results:

  • Factor analysis revealed a unidimensional structure for five of the six severity indicators, forming the basis of the E-Chess scale.
  • The status epilepticus indicator was excluded due to poor loading.
  • The E-Chess demonstrated good model fit and satisfactory predictive validity, with 12-month scores predicting later scores.

Conclusions:

  • The E-Chess provides a reliable and valid measure of epilepsy severity in young children with TSC.
  • The scale's single continuous latent variable simplifies the assessment of epilepsy severity.
  • The E-Chess is a valuable tool for clinical practice and research, meriting evaluation in other early-onset childhood epilepsies.