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Ambulatory blood pressure in children with obstructive sleep apnoea: a community based study

A M Li1, C T Au, R Y T Sung

  • 1Dr A M Li, Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong. albertmli@cuhk.edu.hk

Thorax
|April 5, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is linked to higher blood pressure (BP) in children. Moderate to severe OSA significantly increases the risk of nocturnal hypertension, highlighting the need for further research into treatment effects.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Health in Children
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Childhood obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is increasingly recognized.
  • The association between OSA and elevated blood pressure (BP) in children remains debated.
  • Understanding this link is crucial for early identification and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in children.
  • To determine if OSA is an independent risk factor for hypertension in pediatric populations.
  • To assess the impact of OSA severity on BP levels.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving children aged 6-13 years, randomly selected from schools.
  • Participants underwent overnight sleep studies and ambulatory BP monitoring.
  • Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) was diagnosed based on the obstructive apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI), with severity categorized into mild and moderate to severe groups.

Main Results:

  • Children with OSA exhibited significantly higher BP during both sleep and wakefulness compared to healthy controls.
  • BP levels correlated positively with OSA severity.
  • Moderate to severe OSA (AHI >5) was associated with a significantly higher risk of nocturnal systolic and diastolic hypertension (OR 3.9 and 3.3, respectively).
  • Oxygen desaturation index and AHI were independently associated with BP, irrespective of obesity.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with elevated daytime and nocturnal BP.
  • OSA is an independent predictor of nocturnal hypertension in children.
  • These findings underscore the clinical importance of OSA in pediatric cardiovascular risk assessment and suggest future research into OSA therapy's effect on BP.
Abstract

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