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Updated: Jul 6, 2026
10:10
A Novel Murine Model of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure: The Surgical Procedure in Detail
Published on: February 3, 2016
[Fistulas and fissures. Part II: fissures]
1Klinikum Bogenhausen, Klinik für Visceral-, Thorax- und Gefässchirurgie, Städtisches Klinikum München GmbH, Englschalkinger Strasse 77, 81925 München. WUHEITLAND@aol.com
Summary
Anal fissures are painful linear ulcers in the anal canal. While medical treatments like topical nitroglycerin or calcium blockers exist, surgery like fissurectomy is preferred for resistant cases.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Colorectal Surgery
Background:
- Anal fissures are common linear ulcers causing significant pain and spasms.
- Diagnosis is typically based on patient history.
- Conservative treatments include topical medications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current treatment options for anal fissures.
- To compare the efficacy and risks of medical versus surgical interventions.
- To identify the preferred operative approach for refractory cases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of anal fissure treatments.
- Analysis of medical therapies including topical glycerol trinitrate and calcium blockers.
- Evaluation of surgical options such as lateral internal sphincterotomy and fissurectomy.
Main Results:
- Topical treatments offer initial relief for some patients.
- Botulinum toxin injection is an effective but costly alternative for resistant fissures.
- Fissurectomy with excision of associated tags/papillae is the recommended surgical treatment due to lower continence risk compared to sphincterotomy.
Conclusions:
- Medical management is the first-line approach for anal fissures.
- Surgical intervention is necessary for treatment-resistant cases.
- Fissurectomy is the preferred operative method, balancing efficacy with the preservation of anal continence.
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