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Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For example, the mass of helium...
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...

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Frequency-swept HSQC sequences for high-throughput NMR analysis.

Timothy D Spitzer1, Randy D Rutkowske, George F Dorsey

  • 1GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27707, USA. timothy.d.spitzer@gsk.com

Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry : MRC
|April 5, 2008
PubMed
Summary

New Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) pulse sequences enhance sensitivity in heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) experiments. These robust DEPT-phase-edited sequences improve signal detection for high-throughput analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biophysical Chemistry

Background:

  • Heteronuclear Single Quantum Correlation (HSQC) is a vital technique in NMR spectroscopy.
  • Sensitivity and robustness are critical for high-throughput applications in structural biology and metabolomics.
  • Existing HSQC pulse sequences can be limited by sensitivity and susceptibility to experimental variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce novel DEPT phase-edited HSQC pulse sequences with enhanced sensitivity.
  • To improve the robustness of HSQC experiments for high-throughput settings.
  • To maintain signal integrity and enhance detection across a range of experimental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of new DEPT phase-edited HSQC pulse sequences.
  • Incorporation of frequency-swept carbon and proton pulses.
  • Implementation of J compensation for optimal signal across varying heteronuclear coupling constants.

Main Results:

  • The new sequences demonstrate significant sensitivity enhancement by preserving two magnetization transfer pathways.
  • An additional ~10% signal gain is achieved through the combined use of proton and carbon frequency-swept pulses.
  • The sequences exhibit robustness, performing well even with a mistuned NMR probe.

Conclusions:

  • The developed DEPT-HSQC sequences offer superior sensitivity and robustness compared to existing methods.
  • These advancements are well-suited for high-throughput NMR applications, reducing the impact of sample variations.
  • The J compensation feature ensures optimal performance across diverse heteronuclear coupling constants.