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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
06:15

Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus

Published on: March 6, 2019

Congenital cystic lung disease: contemporary antenatal and postnatal management

Richard G Azizkhan1, Timothy M Crombleholme

  • 1Fetal Care Center of Cincinnati, Division of Thoracic and General Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. Richard.Azizkhan@cchmc.org

Pediatric Surgery International
|April 9, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Congenital cystic lung disease, including congenital pulmonary adenomatoid malformation (CPAM) and bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS), requires accurate prenatal counseling and management. Elective excision is increasingly recommended for asymptomatic lesions due to long-term risks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Developmental Biology
  • Medical Genetics

Background:

  • Congenital cystic lung disease encompasses rare but significant developmental abnormalities.
  • Prenatal diagnosis is increasing, necessitating improved maternal counseling and perinatal care.
  • Long-term risks include infection and malignancy, driving a consensus for surgical intervention in some cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current diagnostic and management strategies for congenital pulmonary adenomatoid malformation (CPAM) and bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS).
  • To highlight controversial or unclear aspects in the literature regarding these congenital lung lesions.
  • To emphasize the need for a unified classification system for improved research and clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent advancements in diagnosis and management of CPAM and BPS.
  • Analysis of current clinical practices and identification of areas of controversy.
  • Synthesis of information to propose a need for a unified classification system.

Main Results:

  • Congenital lung lesions are increasingly detected prenatally.
  • Growing consensus supports elective excision for asymptomatic CPAM and BPS due to potential complications.
  • Significant need exists for a unified classification system to standardize care and research.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate prenatal counseling and perinatal management are crucial for congenital cystic lung disease.
  • Elective surgical excision of CPAM and BPS is a growing recommendation for asymptomatic cases.
  • A unified classification system is essential for advancing the understanding and treatment of congenital lung abnormalities.

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