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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model (CDM)

Animal Models of Depression - Chronic Despair Model (CDM)

Published on: September 23, 2021

IL-10 modulates depressive-like behavior.

Ana Raquel Mesquita¹, Margarida Correia-Neves, Susana Roque

¹Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.

Journal of Psychiatric Research

|April 9, 2008

Summary

Altered levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-10 (IL-10) significantly impact depressive-like behaviors, particularly in females. Cognitive functions remained unaffected by IL-10 expression changes.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Immunology
Psychiatry

Background:

Pro-inflammatory cytokines are widely studied in psychiatric disorders, but anti-inflammatory cytokines like Interleukin-10 (IL-10) are less explored.
IL-10 plays a crucial role in immune system regulation and has potential implications for mood disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the behavioral effects of altered Interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression on anxiety, depressive-like, and cognitive behaviors in mice.
To determine if IL-10 administration can reverse behavioral phenotypes associated with its absence.

Main Methods:

Behavioral testing battery including forced-swimming and open-field tests in mice with IL-10 overexpression (PMT10) and IL-10 knockout (IL-10(-/-)).
Assessment of anxiety-like behavior using open-field tests and depressive-like behavior using forced-swimming tests.
Evaluation of spatial reference memory and the impact of IL-10 administration in IL-10(-/-) mice.

Main Results:

IL-10(-/-) female mice exhibited increased depressive-like behavior, which was reversed by IL-10 administration.
Mice overexpressing IL-10 showed decreased depressive-like behavior.
Absence of IL-10 reduced center time in open-field tests for both sexes; IL-10 overexpression in males increased center time.
Spatial reference memory was not affected by IL-10 level variations in either sex.

Conclusions:

Variations in IL-10 expression are linked to altered depressive-like behaviors, with a more pronounced effect in females.
IL-10 imbalance does not influence cognitive performance.
Findings suggest a potential interplay between IL-10, sexual steroids, and mood disorders, aligning with higher female susceptibility to mood disorders.