Foot-and-mouth disease virus concentrations in products of animal origin

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals which can have devastating economic consequences. Maintaining an FMD-free status is a priority for non-endemic countries, which restrict importation of animals and animal products from countries in which the disease is present or sporadic, thus presenting a considerable barrier to international trade. This review examines the concentration of FMD virus in animal tissues during the viraemic stage of disease and in animal products derived from infected animals.