Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:

Antibody Structure

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...

Antibody Structure

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Flooded cultivation improves grain yield and appearance quality while reducing nutritional quality in Shanlan upland rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Food chemistry·2026

Same author

Investigating the molecular mechanism of plasmalogen and quality changes in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) depurated under salinity stress.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)·2026

Same author

Decoding molecular determinants of gelation disparity: A multi-parametric evaluation of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) protein matrices.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2026

Same author

Sono/photodynamic-assisted curing enhances saltiness perception in Larimichthys crocea: role of microstructure and free amino acids.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)·2026

Same author

Monitoring the lateral ventricles in the presence of intracranial hemorrhage using automated dual segmentation.

Medical physics·2026

Same author

Effects of apoptosis on quality changes of Larimichthys crocea postmortem storage with emphasis on cytochrome c-mediated lipid deterioration.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Assays for Studying the Role of Vitronectin in Bacterial Adhesion and Serum Resistance

Assays for Studying the Role of Vitronectin in Bacterial Adhesion and Serum Resistance

Published on: October 16, 2018

Vitellogenin functions as a multivalent pattern recognition receptor with an opsonic activity.

Zhaojie Li¹, Shicui Zhang, Qinghui Liu

¹Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.

|April 10, 2008

Summary

Fish vitellogenin (Vg) acts as an immune molecule, recognizing pathogens and enhancing macrophage phagocytosis. This reveals a link between reproduction and immunity in fish.

More Related Videos

Peptide Scanning-assisted Identification of a Monoclonal Antibody-recognized Linear B-cell Epitope

Peptide Scanning-assisted Identification of a Monoclonal Antibody-recognized Linear B-cell Epitope

Published on: March 24, 2017

In-vivo Detection of Protein-protein Interactions on Micro-patterned Surfaces

In-vivo Detection of Protein-protein Interactions on Micro-patterned Surfaces

Published on: March 19, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Assays for Studying the Role of Vitronectin in Bacterial Adhesion and Serum Resistance

Assays for Studying the Role of Vitronectin in Bacterial Adhesion and Serum Resistance

Published on: October 16, 2018

Peptide Scanning-assisted Identification of a Monoclonal Antibody-recognized Linear B-cell Epitope

Peptide Scanning-assisted Identification of a Monoclonal Antibody-recognized Linear B-cell Epitope

Published on: March 24, 2017

In-vivo Detection of Protein-protein Interactions on Micro-patterned Surfaces

In-vivo Detection of Protein-protein Interactions on Micro-patterned Surfaces

Published on: March 19, 2010

Area of Science:

Immunology
Fish Biology
Reproductive Biology

Background:

Vitellogenin (Vg) is a key reproductive protein in fish.
Vg's role in infection resistance is known, but mechanisms are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanisms of Vg's anti-infectious role in fish.
To investigate Vg's function as a pattern recognition molecule and opsonin.

Main Methods:

Protein-microbe interaction analysis
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Phagocytosis assays

Main Results:

Fish Vg recognizes bacterial and fungal components, not self-components.
Vg functions as an opsonin, enhancing macrophage phagocytosis.
Vg exhibits pattern recognition molecule activity with broad specificity.

Conclusions:

Fish Vg integrates immune regulation by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
Vg promotes macrophage phagocytosis, boosting innate immunity.
Reproductive proteins like Vg can play dual roles in reproduction and immunity.