Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

How eating behaviours associate to body composition in European adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis from the HELENA study.

European journal of clinical nutrition·2026

Same author

Evaluation of the ALIBIRD mHealth Platform for Care of Patients With Lung Cancer: Prospective Pilot Study.

JMIR cancer·2026

Same author

Characterization of metal contaminants in the Critically Endangered angelshark (Squatina squatina): A first ecotoxicological insight.

Marine pollution bulletin·2025

Same author

Development and initial validation of DESCAQ: A Rasch-based computer-adaptive questionnaire for assessing digital eye strain.

Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·2025

Same author

Complete mitochondrial genome of the psammophilic fungus <i>Mallocybe</i> sp. (Inocybaceae, Basidiomycota) from Cambodia.

Microbiology resource announcements·2025

Same author

English version of the Computer Vision Symptom Scale (CVSS17): Translation and Rasch analysis-based cultural adaptation.

PloS one·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

$Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter$

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter

Published on: September 16, 2025

Comparing methods of determining addition in presbyopes.

Beatriz Antona¹, Francisco Barra, Ana Barrio

¹Department of Optics II (Optometry and Vision), Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. bantona@opt.ucm.es

Clinical & Experimental Optometry

|April 11, 2008

Summary

Determining the correct near addition for presbyopia is crucial. While several methods approximate the final prescription, individual patient needs require adjustments, with age-expected addition showing the best correlation.

More Related Videos

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

Published on: March 29, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

$Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter$

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter

Published on: September 16, 2025

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

Published on: March 29, 2022

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Optometry
Vision Science

Background:

Presbyopia, an age-related condition, reduces the eye's accommodative ability, necessitating plus lenses for clear near vision.
Accurate near addition is vital for comfortable near visual tasks in presbyopic individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare tentative near addition values obtained through common clinical methods with the final prescribed addition in presbyopic patients.
To evaluate the accuracy and clinical applicability of different techniques for determining near addition.

Main Methods:

Seventy-nine healthy subjects aged 40-60 years participated.
Seven techniques were used to determine tentative near additions: dynamic retinoscopy, amplitude of accommodation (AA), age-expected addition, binocular fused cross-cylinder (with/without myopization), near duochrome, and relative accommodation balance.
The tentative additions were refined to establish the final prescribed addition.

Main Results:

Most methods yielded tentative near additions slightly higher than the final addition, except for fused cross-cylinder (without myopization) and age-expected addition.
The amplitude of accommodation (AA) procedure showed a notable bias of 0.34 D.
Wide 95% limits of agreement ( > +/-0.50 D) were observed across all methods, indicating significant variability.

Conclusions:

All tested techniques provided tentative additions close to the final prescription.
The substantial agreement intervals highlight a high likelihood of error, emphasizing the need for patient-specific adjustments.
The age-expected addition method is recommended due to its strongest correlation with the final prescribed addition.