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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

Central nervous system tuberculosis: pathogenesis and clinical aspects.

R Bryan Rock1, Michael Olin, Cristina A Baker

  • 1Center for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Translational Research, and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. rockx012@umn.edu

Clinical Microbiology Reviews
|April 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is a severe disease with high mortality. New diagnostic methods and treatments are urgently needed to combat this challenging form of tuberculosis.

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Published on: August 16, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is a severe form of tuberculosis with high morbidity and mortality, even with treatment.
  • Current diagnostic methods for CNS tuberculosis are often insensitive, posing a significant challenge.
  • The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has not effectively prevented CNS tuberculosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Mycobacterium tuberculosis neuropathogenesis.
  • To discuss epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of CNS tuberculosis.
  • To highlight unmet needs in the field of CNS tuberculosis research and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing literature on CNS tuberculosis.
  • It examines neuropathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostics, and treatment strategies.
  • The review also addresses challenges posed by multidrug-resistant tuberculosis strains.

Main Results:

  • CNS tuberculosis remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
  • There is a critical need for improved diagnostic tools and effective treatment regimens.
  • Understanding neuropathogenesis and developing better vaccines are essential.

Conclusions:

  • CNS tuberculosis requires urgent advancements in diagnostics, treatment, and prevention.
  • Further research into neuropathogenesis and effective therapies is crucial.
  • Addressing multidrug-resistant strains is a priority for controlling CNS tuberculosis.