Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of disseminated intravascular coagulation: a literature review

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Pathophysiology
• Critical Care Medicine

Background:

• Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is an acquired syndrome involving systemic intravascular coagulation activation.
• It occurs secondary to severe underlying diseases, leading to fibrin deposition.
• Current understanding of DIC pathogenesis has advanced, yet diagnosis remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review existing literature on the pathogenesis of DIC.
• To examine the diagnostic challenges and methods for DIC.
• To explore current management and therapeutic strategies for DIC.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of articles indexed in the Index Medicus database.
• Focus on studies detailing DIC pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.
• Synthesis of recent findings on DIC.

Main Results:

• Recent studies have elucidated key pathogenic pathways triggering DIC.
• No single sensitive and specific laboratory test exists for definitive DIC diagnosis.
• Optimal management of the underlying disorder is crucial for DIC treatment.

Conclusions:

• New diagnostic algorithms have been developed for DIC.
• Supportive therapeutic strategies for DIC have been enhanced.
• Advances in understanding DIC pathogenesis inform potential therapeutic interventions.