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Related Concept Videos

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx as...
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions01:27

Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions

Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers prevent the membrane depolarization of muscle cells and inhibit muscle contraction. These are usually administered with anesthetics to achieve complete muscle relaxation. Upon administration, these drugs first block the small, rapidly contracting muscles of the face and hands, followed by the larger muscles of the trunk and the intercostal muscles. The diaphragm is the last muscle to be affected.
Although all competitive neuromuscular blockers are designed...
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...

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Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion·2020
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Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model
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Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model

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[Anesthesia in malignant hyperthermia].

J R Ortiz Gómez1

  • 1Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital García Orcoyen, Estella, Navarra. jortizgo@cfnavarra.es

Revista Espanola De Anestesiologia Y Reanimacion
|April 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare but deadly anesthetic complication. Despite correct diagnosis and treatment, mortality remains high, necessitating improved preparedness and national protocols in Spain.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Medical Genetics

Context:

  • Malignant hyperthermia (MH) presents a significant anesthetic risk with high mortality.
  • Despite correct diagnosis and treatment, patient outcomes remain poor.
  • MH is rare in Spain, leading to a lack of national preparedness and a reference center.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the critical need for anesthesiologists to be prepared for malignant hyperthermia.
  • To advocate for the establishment of a national reference center for MH study and diagnosis in Spain.
  • To emphasize the necessity of updated protocols and action plans in light of demographic changes.

Summary:

  • Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a severe pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle.
  • Anesthesiologists must be prepared for MH, as mortality rates are high.

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Magnetic Resonance-Guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Generated Hyperthermia: A Feasible Treatment Method in a Murine Rhabdomyosarcoma Model
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Protocol for Long Duration Whole Body Hyperthermia in Mice
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  • Spain lacks a national reference center for MH, and demographic shifts may increase its incidence.
  • Impact:

    • Calls for a national reference center for MH study and diagnosis in Spain have been persistent.
    • Immigration may exacerbate MH challenges, underscoring the need for revised protocols.
    • Individual awareness and departmental protocol updates are crucial for preparedness.