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Glucagon-like peptide 1 based therapy for type 2 diabetes
1Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China. drbsyu@yahoo.com.cn
World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP
|April 12, 2008
Summary
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) therapies show promise for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These treatments, including GLP-1 agonists and DPP-4 inhibitors, are safe and effective for managing blood glucose levels.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Rising incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in younger populations necessitates novel therapeutic strategies.
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), an intestinal hormone, demonstrates potent glucose-lowering effects and potential for T2DM hyperglycemia management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the therapeutic potential of Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) based therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Main Methods:
- A literature search was conducted using the PubMed database.
- Keywords included "GLP-1", "incretins", and "diabetes".
Main Results:
- GLP-1 regulates plasma glucose by stimulating insulin and suppressing glucagon secretion, inhibiting gastric emptying, and reducing appetite via G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).
- In T2DM patients, GLP-1 infusion normalizes blood glucose but native GLP-1 is rapidly degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) and cleared by kidneys.
- Numerous GLP-1 agonists/analogues and DPP-4 inhibitors (e.g., exenatide, liraglutide, vidaliptin) have been developed, demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in T2DM with minimal adverse effects in clinical trials.
Conclusions:
- GLP-1 based therapies represent a safe and effective treatment approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
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