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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

A Novel Three-dimensional Flow Chamber Device to Study Chemokine-directed Extravasation of Cells Circulating under Physiological Flow Conditions
Published on: July 15, 2013
[The significance of extravasation in oncological care]
1Fovárosi Onkormányzat Uzsoki utcai Kórháza, Onkoradiológiai Központ, Kemoterápiás Ambulancia, Budapest. zatko.gabi@uzsoki.hu
Abstract:
The treatment of cancer may be associated with various chemotherapy-induced mucocutaneous reactions. One of the mucocutaneous adverse effects of antineoplastic drugs is the toxic local tissue reaction, the extravasation, which occurs in less than 1-2% of cytotoxic infusions. The standard management of vesicant extravasation includes: discontinuing all local infusions, aspiration of any residual drug, elevating the involved limb, local cooling or warm compresses, local anesthesia, antidotes (sodium thiosulfate for alkylating agents, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) for anthracyclines and mitomycin, and hyaluronidase for the vinca alkaloids), and finally surgical debridement with plastic surgery reconstruction. Because the anthracyclines are topoisomerase II poisons that are antagonized by topoisomerase II catalytic inhibitors such as dexrazoxane, it seems to be the treatment of choice immediately after extravasation of doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin, etc. One systemic dose of dexrazoxane after the accident may significantly reduce the toxic tissue lesions. Repeated intralesional injections of GM-CSF may accelerate the wound healing without the need of skin grafts.
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