Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis01:23

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation, but...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pulmonary exacerbations in patients with genetically confirmed PCD: a prospective observational multicentre study.

Frontiers in molecular biosciences·2026
Same author

Hypertransaminasemia Is a Marker of Severity in Children Hospitalized for Influenza.

Influenza and other respiratory viruses·2026
Same author

Clinical Features and Predictors of Severity in Children Hospitalized With Human Metapneumovirus: A Multicenter Italian Study.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal·2026
Same author

Evaluation of left intraventricular flow dynamics using the novel non-contrast HyperDoppler technique.

European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice·2026
Same author

Small Pulmonary Artery and Vein Volumes Independently Predict Oxygen Desaturation in Smokers.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Impact of 2 years of treatment with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on longitudinal changes in structural lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis: results from the RECOVER trial.

Annals of the American Thoracic Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

High-speed Video Microscopy Analysis for First-line Diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
05:32

High-speed Video Microscopy Analysis for First-line Diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

Published on: January 19, 2022

Structural and functional lung disease in primary ciliary dyskinesia.

Francesca Santamaria1, Silvia Montella1, Harm A W M Tiddens2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.

Chest
|April 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) patients have lower lung HRCT scores than cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, with PCD scores correlating to spirometry. This suggests HRCT may serve as an outcome measure for PCD lung disease.

More Related Videos

In vivo Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance in Mice
06:35

In vivo Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance in Mice

Published on: December 18, 2020

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
09:03

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Published on: November 7, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

High-speed Video Microscopy Analysis for First-line Diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
05:32

High-speed Video Microscopy Analysis for First-line Diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

Published on: January 19, 2022

In vivo Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance in Mice
06:35

In vivo Evaluation of Mucociliary Clearance in Mice

Published on: December 18, 2020

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
09:03

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Published on: November 7, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Radiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • High-resolution CT (HRCT) data for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) related lung disease is limited.
  • PCD is a genetic disorder affecting cilia function, leading to chronic respiratory issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess structural lung abnormalities in children and adults with PCD using a modified Brody HRCT score.
  • To correlate HRCT scores with spirometry and clinical data.
  • To compare HRCT scores between PCD and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.

Main Methods:

  • HRCT scans, spirometry, and sputum cultures were performed on 20 PCD patients (ages 4.6-27.5).
  • A modified Brody score evaluated bronchiectasis, mucous plugging, peribronchial thickening, parenchymal abnormalities, and mosaic perfusion.
  • PCD scores were compared to age- and sex-matched CF patients.

Main Results:

  • PCD patients showed significant lung changes including bronchiectasis (80%), peribronchial thickening (80%), and mucous plugging (75%).
  • The total HRCT score correlated with patient age, FEV1, and FVC.
  • PCD patients had significantly lower total HRCT scores compared to CF patients.

Conclusions:

  • PCD patients exhibit less severe lung structural abnormalities on HRCT compared to CF patients.
  • HRCT scores, particularly for bronchiectasis, correlate with pulmonary function tests in PCD.
  • The modified Brody HRCT score shows potential as a longitudinal assessment tool and outcome surrogate in PCD research.