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Related Concept Videos

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Life Tables01:22

Life Tables

A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging
09:10

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging

Published on: January 30, 2026

[The recent development on age estimation].

Xiao-Yan Wang1, Xiao-Jun Yu, Xiao-Hu Xu

  • 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China. wxiaoyan0928@163.com

Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi
|April 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Accurate age estimation relies on analyzing physical and chemical changes in the body. Combining multiple methods improves accuracy due to the complexity of physiological changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Anthropology
  • Biochemistry

Context:

  • Current age estimation methods analyze skeletal, soft tissue, cellular, and biomacromolecular changes.
  • Physiological changes during growth are complex, leading to limitations in individual methods.

Purpose:

  • To review recent advancements in age estimation techniques.
  • To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various age estimation methods.

Summary:

  • Age estimation primarily uses physical and chemical alterations in biological substances.
  • No single method is perfect; combining approaches enhances accuracy.
  • This review covers global developments and method comparisons.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview for researchers and practitioners in forensic science and anthropology.
  • Highlights the need for integrated approaches to improve forensic age assessments.
  • Informs future research directions for more precise age determination.