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Related Concept Videos

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland01:27

Hormones of the Pituitary Gland

The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants01:27

Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants

The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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Covalently Linked Protein Regulators02:04

Covalently Linked Protein Regulators

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Pharmacogenetics of Drug Transporters: P-Glycoprotein and Solute Carrier Transporters01:16

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Transporters: P-Glycoprotein and Solute Carrier Transporters

The pharmacogenetics of drug transporters is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing interindividual variability in drug absorption, distribution, and elimination. These membrane-bound proteins regulate drugs' movement across cellular barriers by actively pumping them out (efflux) or facilitating their uptake (influx). Among the major transporter families, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and solute carrier (SLC) transporters play particularly prominent roles. Genetic polymorphisms...
Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3 variants are also...

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Structure and properties of members of the hGH family: a review.

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Human growth hormone fragment (hGH44-91) produces insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia but is less potent than 22 kDa hGH in the rat.

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Structural variants of prolactin: occurrence and physiological significance.

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Human growth hormone (hGH)-(44-191), a reportedly diabetogenic fragment of hGH, circulates in human blood: measurement by radioimmunoassay.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·1994
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons
08:04

Identification and Classification of Position-specific GABAA Receptor Subunit Missense Variants for Their Role In Hippocampal Pyramidal Neurons

Published on: June 6, 2025

Prolactin variants.

Y N Sinha1

  • 1Yagya N. Sinha is at the Whittier Institute for Diabetes and Endrocrinology at Scripps Memorial Hospital, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|April 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The pituitary hormone prolactin (PRL) exhibits structural variations, leading to different potencies. This molecular heterogeneity may explain prolactin's diverse biological actions within the organism.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Prolactin (PRL) is a highly versatile pituitary hormone with numerous biological functions.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying prolactin's diverse actions remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of molecular heterogeneity in mediating prolactin's diverse biological effects.
  • To explore the relationship between prolactin structural polymorphism and its varying biopotencies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of prolactin (PRL) structural variants.
  • Assessment of the biopotencies of different prolactin forms.

Main Results:

  • Recent research has revealed significant structural polymorphism in prolactin.
  • These identified prolactin variants display variable biopotencies.

Conclusions:

  • The molecular heterogeneity of prolactin is a key factor contributing to its wide range of biological actions.
  • Structural variations in prolactin provide a mechanism for generating functional diversity.