Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Primary Culture of Rat Adrenocortical Cells and Assays of Steroidogenic Functions
Published on: March 12, 2019
Transcriptional regulation of the adrenal steroidogenic enzymes
Abstract:
Corticosteroid biosynthesis requires the concerted action of a related group of cytochrome P450 steroid hydroxylases. The genes encoding these steroid hydroxylases exhibit two distinct levels of transcriptional regulation: selective expression in steroidogenic cells and induction in response to trophic hormones. With respect to cell-selective expression, recent studies have identified a nuclear receptor protein expressed only in steroidogenic cells that is postulated to regulate the expression of all cytochrome P450 steroid hydroxylases through common promoter elements. In contrast, the coordinate responses of these genes to trophic hormones are not readily explained by a unifying mechanism, and their hormone responsive expression probably involves multiple promoter elements.
Related Concept Videos
Hormones of the Adrenal Glands
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and corticosterone...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
Master Transcription Regulators
Master Transcription Regulators
Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct regions...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

