Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
Introduction to Virus01:28

Introduction to Virus

Viruses are unique biological entities that blur the boundary between living and non-living systems. Although they lack cellular structure and metabolic processes, they can exhibit characteristics of life when infecting a host. Their defining feature is a nucleic acid core, composed of either DNA or RNA, encapsulated within a protein coat called a capsid. This simple structure allows them to invade host cells and use their machinery for replication efficiently.Viral Structure and...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly01:19

Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly

As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria

Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a virus that...
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Host cell Z-RNAs activate ZBP1 during virus infections.

Nature·2025
Same author

Presence of Intact Hepatitis B Virions in Exosomes.

Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology·2022
Same author

Remodeling of the Core Leads HIV-1 Preintegration Complex into the Nucleus of Human Lymphocytes.

Journal of virology·2020
Same author

Adhesion to nanofibers drives cell membrane remodeling through one-dimensional wetting.

Nature communications·2018
Same author

Entry and Disassembly of Large DNA Viruses: Electron Microscopy Leads the Way.

Journal of molecular biology·2018
Same author

The entry of Salmonella in a distinct tight compartment revealed at high temporal and ultrastructural resolution.

Cellular microbiology·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Generation and Assembly of Virus-Specific Nucleocapsids of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus
09:08

Generation and Assembly of Virus-Specific Nucleocapsids of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Published on: July 27, 2021

Modification of intracellular membrane structures for virus replication.

Sven Miller1, Jacomine Krijnse-Locker

  • 13-V Biosciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Schafmattstrasse 18, ETH Hoenggerberg, HPME 17, CH8093 Zurich, Switzerland. millersven@gmx.de

Nature Reviews. Microbiology
|April 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Viruses hijack host cell membranes for replication, inducing similar structures across diverse viral families. This study explores how viruses modify these membranes and the formation of these virus-induced structures.

More Related Videos

Simple and Robust in vivo and in vitro Approach for Studying Virus Assembly
09:47

Simple and Robust in vivo and in vitro Approach for Studying Virus Assembly

Published on: March 1, 2012

Isolation of Viral Replication Compartment-enriched Sub-nuclear Fractions from Adenovirus-infected Normal Human Cells
10:22

Isolation of Viral Replication Compartment-enriched Sub-nuclear Fractions from Adenovirus-infected Normal Human Cells

Published on: November 12, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Generation and Assembly of Virus-Specific Nucleocapsids of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus
09:08

Generation and Assembly of Virus-Specific Nucleocapsids of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Published on: July 27, 2021

Simple and Robust in vivo and in vitro Approach for Studying Virus Assembly
09:47

Simple and Robust in vivo and in vitro Approach for Studying Virus Assembly

Published on: March 1, 2012

Isolation of Viral Replication Compartment-enriched Sub-nuclear Fractions from Adenovirus-infected Normal Human Cells
10:22

Isolation of Viral Replication Compartment-enriched Sub-nuclear Fractions from Adenovirus-infected Normal Human Cells

Published on: November 12, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites reliant on host machinery.
  • Viral replication often involves interactions with host cell cytoskeleton and membranes.
  • Specific viral families induce unique membrane modifications during infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe virus-induced intracellular membrane modifications.
  • To identify commonalities in membrane structures induced by different viral families.
  • To discuss potential mechanisms for the formation of these viral-induced membrane structures.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of viral replication strategies.
  • Comparative analysis of electron microscopy data from infected cells.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of viral proteins involved in membrane manipulation.

Main Results:

  • Viruses extensively remodel host intracellular membranes for replication.
  • Similar membrane proliferation structures are induced by unrelated plus-stranded RNA and DNA viruses.
  • These structures are proposed to serve as replication factories, concentrating viral and host factors.

Conclusions:

  • Viral manipulation of intracellular membranes is a conserved strategy across diverse viral families.
  • Understanding these virus-induced membrane structures provides insights into viral replication mechanisms.
  • Further research can elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms of membrane formation and viral assembly.