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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Correction of Presbyopia by Monocular Bi-Aspheric Ablation Profile
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Published on: September 20, 2024

Wavefront-guided excimer laser vision correction after multifocal IOL implantation.

Bettina B Jendritza1, Michael C Knorz, Steve Morton

  • 1FreeVis LASIK Center, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Germany. bjendritza@freevis.de

Journal of Refractive Surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)
|April 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Wavefront-guided LASIK effectively corrects residual refractive errors after diffractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. However, it does not improve higher-order aberrations and is not recommended for refractive multifocal IOLs due to measurement inaccuracies.

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Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
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Published on: September 16, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Optometry
  • Laser Vision Correction
  • Intraocular Lens Technology

Background:

  • Multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) are implanted to address refractive errors and presbyopia.
  • Residual refractive errors and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) can occur post-IOL implantation, impacting visual quality.
  • Wavefront-guided LASIK (WFG-LASIK) is a potential surgical option to refine vision after IOLs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of wavefront-guided LASIK for correcting residual ametropia and HOAs after multifocal IOL implantation.
  • To assess the outcomes of WFG-LASIK in eyes with different types of multifocal IOLs (diffractive and refractive).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, nonrandomized case series involving 27 eyes (19 patients) who underwent WFG-LASIK.
  • Patients had previously received Tecnis, ReSTOR (diffractive), or ReZoom (refractive) multifocal IOLs.
  • Visual acuity (distance and near UCVA, BSCVA), manifest refraction, and wavefront error were analyzed pre- and post-operatively.

Main Results:

  • WFG-LASIK significantly corrected residual sphere and cylinder in eyes with diffractive IOLs (Tecnis and ReSTOR), improving uncorrected visual acuity.
  • Distance and near best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) remained unchanged in the Tecnis and ReSTOR groups post-LASIK.
  • In the ReZoom (refractive IOL) group, WFG-LASIK resulted in a loss of BSCVA for both distance and near vision, and HOAs did not improve.

Conclusions:

  • Wavefront-guided LASIK is a safe and effective procedure for correcting residual refractive errors in eyes with diffractive multifocal IOLs.
  • WFG-LASIK did not lead to an improvement in higher-order aberrations in eyes with diffractive IOLs.
  • The procedure is not recommended for refractive multifocal IOLs due to unreliable wavefront measurements with current technology.