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[Angina due to microvascular pathology].

P Montorsi1

  • 1Istituto di Cardiologia, Università degli Studi, Milano.

Cardiologia (Rome, Italy)
|December 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Syndrome X, a heart condition causing angina with normal coronary arteries, involves issues in the small coronary vessels. Treatments like beta-blockers and calcium-antagonists are effective, leading to good long-term outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Ischemic Heart Disease

Context:

  • Most ischemic heart disease stems from severe coronary atherosclerosis.
  • A subset of patients experience angina despite normal coronary arteries and no inducible spasm.
  • Coronary microcirculation is identified as the critical factor in these patients.

Purpose:

  • To explore the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease in patients with normal coronary arteries.
  • To investigate the role of coronary microcirculation abnormalities in Syndrome X.
  • To evaluate treatment efficacy and long-term outcomes.

Summary:

  • Syndrome X presents with effort-induced angina, ST-segment changes, and reduced coronary reserve.
  • Pathogenesis may involve pre-arteriolar hypersensitivity to vasoconstrictors and reduced vasodilator capacity.
  • Treatment with beta-blockers and calcium-antagonists shows effectiveness.
  • Long-term follow-up indicates a favorable prognosis with high survival rates and low cardiovascular event incidence.

Impact:

  • Highlights the significance of coronary microcirculation in ischemic heart disease.
  • Provides insights into the mechanisms underlying Syndrome X.
  • Supports the use of specific medications for managing this condition.
  • Offers a positive outlook for patients with this form of heart disease.

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