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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation
07:52

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

The dendritic cell in allergic conjunctivitis.

Bita Manzouri1, Tom Flynn, Masaharu Ohbayashi

  • 1Institute of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.

The Ocular Surface
|April 18, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dendritic cell subtypes are crucial in ocular allergies. Understanding their roles in the eye can improve treatments for allergic eye disease.

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A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva
07:35

A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva

Published on: July 5, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation
07:52

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva
07:35

A Non-invasive Way to Isolate and Phenotype Cells from the Conjunctiva

Published on: July 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Acquired immune responses are initiated by antigen presentation to T lymphocytes.
  • Antigen-presenting cell phenotype and tissue environment dictate immune response outcomes.
  • Dendritic cell subtypes' roles in ocular type I hypersensitivity are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on dendritic cell subtypes in ocular allergy.
  • To explore their contribution to the pathophysiology of ocular surface hypersensitivity.
  • To compare ocular allergic reactions to those in other mucosal tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Review of human ocular allergy studies.
  • Analysis of murine models of ocular allergy.
  • Comparative analysis with allergic reactions in other mucosal tissues.

Main Results:

  • Dendritic cell subtypes play a significant role in ocular allergy.
  • Their phenotype and location influence the immune response on the ocular surface.
  • Ocular allergic responses share similarities with other mucosal tissues.

Conclusions:

  • Further research into dendritic cell subtypes is needed for ocular allergy.
  • This knowledge can inform therapeutic strategies for allergic eye disease.
  • Understanding ocular immune responses contributes to broader mucosal immunology.